Improvement in cast-iron pavements and gutters



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[naam for:

, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MORTON PENNOOK, OF KENNETTS SQUARE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB TO HIMSELFAND SAMUEL PENNOCK, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CAST-IRON PAVEMENTS AND GUTTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 4l,4l2, dated January26, 1864.

To all tlf/'1,0m it may concern:

Be it known that I, MOETON PENNocK, of Kennetts Square, in thc county ofChester and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Cast- Iron Pavements; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and eXact description of the same, referencebeing had t0 the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which- Figure l represents a perspective view ot myinvention. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same. Fig. 3is a plan or top view ofthe same.

Similar letters of reference in the three tigures indicate correspondingparts.

rlhis invention consists in arranging a hollow space or channel underthe metal plates which constitute the pavement in such a manner that, byadmitting steam or heated air into said channel, the pavement can bekept free from snow and ice; and it also consists in the arrangement ofa metal gutter with a similar channel, in combination with the pavement,in such a manner that, by admitting steam or air under said gutter, thesame can be freed from ice and snow, and at the same time the wateraccun'iulating in it prevented from freezing; also, in the use cfa metalgutter with a channel underneath independently of the metal pavement.

To enable those skilled in t\he art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe it with reference to the drawings.

The plates A, which constitute the pavement, are made rough on theirupper snrfaces to prevent the slipping of thefeet, and they are made ofcastiron or of any other good conductor of heat. Under these plates, andfirmly connected to their under surface, is a channel, B, which may besubdivided by suitable partitions into smaller channels t0 receive steamor hot air, which is introduced through a suitable aperture. By thesemeans the snow and ice which may accumulate on the plates A can bereadily reduced to a liquid state, and the surface of the plates can bekept free and clean in the cold as well as in the warm season. rlheseplates are principally intended for sidewalks or for steps of stairs onthcoutsidc of buildings. When they are used for sidewalks, each platemay be provided with a gutter, C, made out of the same metal as theplate, so that when the plates are placed side by side a continuousmetal gutter is formed. This gutter C is fur nishcd on its under sidewith a channel, D, which may be separate from the channel B, under theplates, or in communication with the same. The channel D, like thechannel B, serves to admit steam or het air, so that the ice or snowthat may accumulate in the gutter can be rendered fluid in a short timeand without any-further trouble, andthe water which may run down intothe gutter from the pavement is prevented from freezing.

It is obvious that the gutter may be used in connection with theordinary pavement.

By these means the sidewalk can be kept perfectly clean of snow and ice,and the water passes readily off into the sewer through the gutter,which is always Open and unobstructed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The channel B under the metal plates A, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

2. The eombinatiomwith the plates A, of a glitter, O, of metal, with achannel, D, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. The glitter O, made of metal or other good conductor of heat, andprovided with a channel, D, substantially as and for the pun posespecified.

` MORTON PENN OOK.

V'Vitnesses:

M. M. LIVINGsToN, S. F. COHEN.

